Osteoporosis and Radio Ad free essay sample

Radio Ad We realize numerous individuals stress over the dangers of getting joint inflammation and osteoporosis, just as wounds from falls as you start climb the last called age. We are doing this radio advertisement in advancing a more beneficial Muscular framework well in to your retirement age. Albeit some incessant illness chance factors, for example, (family ancestry, age or sex) can't be adjusted thus can't be joined into counteraction techniques, these elements can assist with distinguishing individuals or gatherings at high danger of building up a sickness, empowering a focused on approach. The modifiable dangers factors are normal to all interminable illness which incorporates diet, weight, work out, liquor admission and smoking. It is critical to comprehend that receiving solid way of life practices will lessen the danger of every single incessant ailment, including joint pain and musculoskeletal conditions. A decent eating routine will assist with accomplishing a solid weight and body. While expanding the admission of calcium likewise assimilation of nutrient D will help with lessening dangers of creating joint pain and osteoporosis. We will compose a custom article test on Osteoporosis and Radio Ad or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Standard exercise helps in the counteraction of musculoskeletal conditions, and it assists with lightening and diminish joint agony and firmness and assemble solid muscle around the joints. Individuals who are stout are at higher danger of joint inflammation or osteoporosis because of the expanded burden over the weight bearing joints, and expanding the weight on ligament and tendons. Individuals who diminish their smoking and drinking will decrease the dangers for low bone mass, low bone quality, and low body weight. Having a more beneficial way of life gives you an exciting days directly into your retirement years.

''Literature Review'' Topic-Causes of Falls In Elderly Patients Essay

''Writing Review'' Topic-Causes of Falls In Elderly Patients - Essay Example Hence, it is vital for medicinal services suppliers to painstakingly identify the reasons for falls so as to forestall and limit the dangers of falls. In view of the report of the National Health Statistics in England and Wales, the all out number of fall and crack during the year 2004 is 4,547. (National Statistics, 2006) Roughly 64.1% of the cases is inadvertent, 32.5% is brought about by osteoporosis. The staying 2.2% and 1.2% is brought about by self destruction and unsure likely murder separately. (See Table I in appendix†Incidence of Falls and Fractures in England and Wales on page 15) As I work in an older restoration ward this subject is progressively pertinent to my clinical zone since old people are increasingly inclined to encounter fall-related wounds. 70% of incidental demise among the old patients is because of fall. A large portion of the older people that experience the ill effects of hip break because of genuine falls can't recapture their ordinary degree of capacity. (Stevens and Olson, 2000) The way that this kind of mishaps could prompt the genuine physical injury and demise among the older people (Lipsitz, 1991), the reasons for falls ought to be paid attention to so as to forestall and limit the occurrence of falls among the old people. Along these lines, it is important to restore physical wounds because of fall (Muche and McCarty, 2006). In social occasion solid confirmations with respect to the reasons for falls among the older patients, the creator utilizes the web indexes especially ‘yahoo’ and ‘google’. Both web crawlers has been useful in empowering the analyst to find pertinent prove based diary that originates from databases search, for example, exchange datastar: Medline, Embase, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Sumsearch, and Trip database. In scanning for peer-audited diaries, the creator entered search

McKinley, William

McKinley, William McKinley, William, 1843â€"1901, 25th president of the United States (1897â€"1901), b. Niles, Ohio. He was educated at Poland (Ohio) Seminary and Allegheny College. After service in the Union army in the Civil War, he returned to Ohio and became a lawyer at Canton. He entered politics and was elected as a Republican to Congress in 1876. As a congressman until 1891 (except for part of one term when his election was declared invalid), he strongly advocated protective tariffs, thus pleasing Ohio industrialists. The highly protective McKinley Tariff Act of 1890 was unpopular and helped to bring about the Republican defeat in 1892. It had already cost McKinley his seat in Congress in the election of 1890, but he had attracted the attention of the powerful capitalist-politician Marcus A. Hanna , who put the force of the efficiently organized Ohio Republican machine behind the ex-congressman. McKinley was elected governor in 1891 and again in 1893. Two years later Hanna along with Charles Dawes began a skillful and successful preconvention campaign to have McKinley nominated by the Republicans for president in 1896. The Democrats took a radical position and nominated William Jennings Bryan with a platform favoring free silver. Although McKinley had earlier favored bimetallism and voted for the Bland-Allison Act, he accepted a platform endorsing the gold standard, and the issue was squarely joined. Many conservative Democrats viewed their party's stand as reckless, and Hanna's handling of the campaign was a masterpiece of adroitness. Conservatism and McKinley won. The Republicans also had control of Congress, and in 1897 a thoroughgoing Republican tariff was adopted. McKinley's election marked the beginning of a period of Republican dominance in American politics that did not end until the 1932 election of Franklin D. Roosevelt . Interest then swung to external affairs. There was much sympathy in the United States for the rebels in Cuba, who were seeking ind ependence from Spain. The destruction of the battleship Maine gave the advocates of war a rallying cry, and McKinley made the decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war. The Spanish-American War was brief, and from it the United States emerged a world power. McKinley directed the peace commissioners to demand the Philippine Islands for the United States. This resulted in the unsuccessful and bloody Philippine insurrection (1899â€"1901) led by Emilio Aguinaldo against U.S. rule. Cuba became a U.S. protectorate. The president also signed the bill to annex Hawaii and supported the Open Door policy in China, thus vigorously advancing the interests of the United States and American commerce. The Currency Act of 1900 consolidated the gold standard policy on which McKinley had been elected in 1896. He was reelected in 1900, but his new administration was short. On Sept. 5, 1901, he addressed the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, N.Y., advocating commercial reciprocity amon g nations. The next day he was shot down by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz , and on Sept. 14 he died. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt succeeded him. See biographies by C. S. Olcott (1916, repr. 1972), W. C. Spielman (1954), K. Phillips (2003), and R. W. Merry (2017); L. L. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley (1981); S. Miller, The President and the Assassin (2011); K. Rove, The Triumph of William McKinley (2016). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

My Top Leadership Strength As Determined By The Survey

Perspective My top leadership strength as determined by the survey is Perspective, which best relates to how I think and make decisions, whether alone or in group. Having perspective forces an individual to always be able to always develop a new view, a new understanding and perhaps new ideas. Every individual interprets the world through their own lens, based on experience, education, and any number of other factors – therefore why not expand upon this daily occurrence to make decisions based off personal experiences? It gives an individual the aptitude to process scenarios they hadn’t seen and understand people in ways they hadn’t initially considered. It helps one focus on new ways to be more effective because. When we are encouraged†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Have I recognized that there is likely more than one right answer or option to consider? – Am I seeing complexities that we might not have initially noticed. – We might be able to see connections and even simple solutions that escaped us initially. – How many options that we can compare? – Will these options help make sharpers decisions? Can I handle having to choose between more options? – In the long run will I build better relationships with others as they realize we are empathetic and really looked at a situation in a variety of different ways? Humility Number two on my results is an important leadership trait that’s often overlooked. Humility is the opposite of arrogance, an attitude that can severely damage our reputation and relationships with others. Humility is defined as â€Å"a modest or low view of one s own importance (Merriam-Webster),† and â€Å"self-restraint from excessive vanity (Oxford).† Humility stems from our inner sense of self-worth. Humble leaders are grounded by their beliefs, their values, and the principles by which they lead. Ultimately, they know that to lead is to serve their customers, employees, investors, communities, and ultimately, society through their work. Humble leaders seek input from others to ensure they have all the truths and are making decisions that are in the best interest of an organization. If you think you do, then it’s probably time to reassess. People want to work for people who value theirShow MoreRelatedAfter Taking The Values In Action (Via) Inventory Of Strengths,1285 Words   |  6 PagesAction (VIA) Inventory of Strengths, I realized that some of what I thought were my character strengths actually proved otherwise based on the survey taken. Although I am not surprised that my top character strength is honesty, it was interesting to learn my other top strengths. Taking the Emotional Intelligence (EQ) and Leadership Self-Assessment introduced me to my social and self-intelligence. Using the KAB model, I was able to identify knowledge, attitude and behavior strengths for both self and socialRead MoreMy Clinical Experiences Working With My Preceptor906 Words   |  4 PagesMy clinical experiences working with m y preceptor thus far have been constructive. She holds strong organizational and leadership skills necessary to interact with stakeholders at all levels within the organizations. My preceptor provided guidance and insight in choosing my project focus, to create another infection control position in the hospital, because I have never performed this function in my management role. Joyce believed the proposing approval for an additional position for the InfectionRead MoreCharacteristics of a Great Leader851 Words   |  3 Pageshas been present in every human society, past or present. Although leadership is an important part of the human experience, our relationship with our followers is an essential part of our life and directly affects our well being. In this paper, the focus will be on the strengths, weaknesses, and conflict styles. In order to be a leader, a leader must have several characteristics such as easy to communicate with people, determined, optimistic, good listener, responsible, passionate, quick thinkingRead MoreParticipative Leadership1582 Words   |  7 PagesParticipative Leadership: Strengths and Weaknesses The simple act of making decisions is an essential task leaders must perform effectively to succeed. Behavioral theories of leadership focus on how leaders approach a situation and whether they dictate orders or involve others to encourage support. Research into decision-making behavior has identified three broad categories of leaders: autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire (Changing Minds, 2011). This paper will focus on these behavioral theoriesRead MoreCareer Employability : An Outdated Promise884 Words   |  4 Pagescan happen by taking on greater challenges or larger scope within current role, for example becoming more of a leadership expert. This is the key in our fast paced management driven industry. This paper briefly state the term employability, how to get lifetime employability with my current work, and understanding the key factors to become more effective in the organizations. Based on my research, companies throughout the country are examining employees’ need for lifetime employability and continuousRead MoreThe Importance of Business Assessment1545 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant to have an assessment of one’s business? Will it create any difference to where your company stands right now? As a leader, how will you create and implement business strategies towards your company? As I am composing my ideas on which to discuss about my current employer, I ended up thinking about what could be the best quote that will be the bench mark for me to begin this analysis. I ended up looking for one person that inspires not only me but a lot of people, companies and competitorsRead MoreSample Resume : Manuel Gt1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthe facility making it a total of 70 beds. Team work and coherency is important to our facility and is one of the vital reason of our success in our expounding rest home. New applicants needs to join the team and make it a better one by their own strength and the team will enhance the weaknesses of each new applicants. Application for the 8 vacant positions are still open and the qualifications needed are as follows: 1. Team player – applicants needs to know how to gel with the current team membersRead MorePersonal Leadership Development Pl An Effective Leader2261 Words   |  10 Pages Personal Leadership Development Plan â€Å"Attitude makes all the difference. The development of a positive attitude is the first conscious step toward becoming an effective leader â€Å"(Maxwell, 1993, p. 171). Successful leadership cannot be constructed without this crucial building block. My leadership philosophy is based upon life experiences, successes, and failures. In order to be a great leader, I must establish a plan; a map that plans a route to reach organization and the appropriate skills andRead MoreLeadership Development Action Plan For A Leader Development Program1716 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership Development Action Plan The Action Plan will provide guidance for the Leadership Development Program. The process is to develop participants into strong effective leaders. â€Å"No leader has all of the knowledge and skills necessary to be successful; as a result most leaders have multiple development needs (Hughes, Ginnett, Curphy).† The Action Plan will discuss the experiences that will be provided by seasoned senior managers and a Leadership Development trainer. It will include additionalRead MoreUtah Opera Symphony 23342 Words   |  14 Pagesunderstand the financial and leadership strengths and weaknesses of the Utah Symphony Organization (USO) and the Utah Opera Company (UOC). In order for the merger to be successful, Anne will need to create some successful strategies for managing each of these concepts. Utah Symphony Strengths The most impressive financial strength that USO has is their endowment. By the end of 2002, their endowment was considered higher than average and they were considered at the top end of a Group II Symphony

Class Between Class And Class Essay - 1201 Words

Economic class division in the United States is simultaneously one of the most visible and invisible issues facing this nation today. Unlike issues that many passionate individuals aren t afraid to voice their opinions on such as racism, sexism, climate change, and marriage equality, the issue of class divide is like the elephant in the room that no one wants to talk about or address. As Bell Hooks puts it, author of Where We Stand: Class Matters, â€Å"Racism and sexism can be exploited in the interests of class power. Yet no one wants to talk about class.† (Hooks 7) The fact that discussions of class and class divide have become such a taboo in the United States is truly disappointing. Class, more than race or gender, is the single biggest factor in determining someone’s success. Therefor, it should go without saying that discussions and open dialog about class are crucial in this society in order to advances its citizens and promote success with as many people as pos sible. It wasn’t always like this. There was indeed a time in our history when class was talked about, a time when the poor were cared for, not seen as second class citizens or a taboo. â€Å"David Hilfiker describes an earlier time in our history as a nation when it was just assumed that a physician would care for the poor. However, in more recent times Hilfiker finds himself regarded almost as a â€Å"saint† because he chooses to work with the poor.† (Hooks 41) Although the precise point at which this switch in logicShow MoreRelatedThe Inequality Between Upper Class And Lower Class967 Words   |  4 PagesWe, as a society, often complain about how unfair the world we live in is. One of the more obvious distinction of inequality is that of the imbalance between the upper class and the lower class in today’s socioeconomic system. This one-sidedness is not due to the fault of anyone in particular, in fact there are several instances of someone trying to p romote more equality in the system. Despite this, there is no denying that equality has not been achieved in even in the most basic facets of our livesRead MoreThe Between Class And Alienation1655 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the links between Class and Alienation According to Marx? According to Marx the types of alienation are an inevitable outcome of a class structured society, which is why he foresaw communism as the solution to prevent alienation and its negative effects. A communist society could potentially resolve structural economic related alienation between humans by removing class conflict. However it does not account for alienation as a result of other forms of stratification such as gender and ethnicityRead MoreWage Gap Between The Middle Class And The Upper Class1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Wage is a topic that is constantly covered in the media. One big issue is the growing wage gap between the middle class and the upper class. While minimum wage increases are considered a good method to reduce income inequality, they are controversial since many business owners and economists argue that they increase the unemployment rate. Impact of minimum wage on employment One concern that is commonly mentioned during the debate on raising minimum wage is the loss of employment asRead MoreIncome Gap Between The Upper Class And The Lower Class1696 Words   |  7 Pagesincreased, causing an income gap between the upper class and the lower class. The country is becoming a banana republic in which most of the wealth is owned by the top 1%. This small percentage of the population is mainly composed of the entrepreneurs, businessmen, and lawyers. Although the United States is a democracy, in recent years, it has become a plutocracy nation. The wealth inequality plays a major role in this and if this trend between the upper class and the lower class continues it could causeRead MoreLinks Between Class And Alienation1540 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the links between class and alienation according to Marx? In order to explore the links between class and alienation according to Marx, it is first useful to define class and alienation. Class, as in social class, is a term used that relates to a system of grouping people determined by their social and economic status (Oxford Dictionaries, 2017). Whereas alienation means to be separated or feeling no connection to something (Cambridge Dictionary, 2017). In Marx’s theory of alienation, theRead MoreThe Connection Between Crime And Class1727 Words   |  7 Pagesthe connection between crime and class. It will look at a high profile case within Australia that occurred during 2014 and it will also look at how the media has portrayed this case. Not only will this essay look at high profile cases it will also look at cases from Western Sydney and discuss the differences in charges given to people with class and those without. Finally it will look at statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) crime figures for a number of high class suburbs in EasternRead MoreDifference Between Ethnicity And Class939 Words   |  4 Pagesand mental inspirations of its advocates. Ideologies either over-simplify reality or entirely alter it. Yet, it is at times suitable to speak mostly in ideological terms in order to make a point. Based on the supposition that gender, ethnicity and class are directly experienced, they are not only distinct traits but something which is accomplished in interaction with others who, further, condense these achievements responsible within established settings (West and Fenstermaker, 1997: 64). AccordingRead MoreCorrelation Between Race and Class2667 Words   |  11 PagesUNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS CORRELATION BETWEEN RACE AND CLASS Ãâ€"ZGE Ãâ€"ZDEN 2009432081 INSTRUCTOR: Ãâ€"MÃÅ"R NECZAN TÄ °MURCANDAY Ãâ€"ZMEN 2012, Ä °ZMÄ °R CONTENTS Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.ii Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...iii A. Social stratification, social inequality, social division..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1-2 B. Social class†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2-3 B1. Sociological overview and theories of stratification and social class†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4-5 C. Races, ethnicity, and racism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Read MoreA Relationship Between Himself And Class1495 Words   |  6 PagesAlvin wants to establish a relationship between himself and the class. He uses personal pronouns and direct address to engage his student s attention. He wants to attract their attention to the possibility of realizing their dreams money dreams. Hall is interested in the students growth beyond this classroom setting. What do you expect to get out of this?. What Alvin wants to relate to the students is that they can be as wealthy as he is if they listen to him. Alvin asks a leading questionRead MoreDifference Between Capitalist And The Working Class1643 Words   |  7 Pagesyou’re the capitalist or a part of the working class. This drastically influences the likability of success and determines whether you’ll be part of the working class or upper class. In â€Å"Classical Sociological Theory† we see the differences between the capitalist and the working class, and the impact that they have on labor to ultimately become successful, or in other words â€Å"happy† with the living and working conditions presented to the working class. First, will analyze what influences the price

The Step to a Civil Society as Mandatory Education Free Essays

A civil society is one in which its citizens all get along and are happy with their situations. Just about everyone has a job and knows their place in the society. There are three ways to assure this. We will write a custom essay sample on The Step to a Civil Society as Mandatory Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are make education mandatory, upon school graduation give everyone a job even if it is menial and make everyone equal, no social classes. This can only be achieved when a new society is being started. The first step to a civil society is mandatory education. This is important because without education the members of the society would be ignorant. In school these people will be taught the basics – reading, math and how to write along with training for their future jobs. These jobs will be chosen by the age of 15 when every person is considered an adult. The second step is upon graduation putting these people in the jobs chosen for them by the school teachers. Each job will be considered equal. For example a doctor is equal to a trash collector. This way no one will feel inferior to anyone and everyone will understand how important they are to the society. These people will not be paid for their jobs. Instead they will obtain things, like food, depending on how hard they work. The harder they work, the more food they receive. The last step is to make everyone equal. This way no one can object to the way things are run. Also there won’t be any slaves or servants and there won’t be social classes because everyone will be getting paid the same. With these three steps any new society can become a civil society.It just takes the dedication of its people to get the job done. How to cite The Step to a Civil Society as Mandatory Education, Papers

What Makes Sammy Run By Schulberg Essays - What Makes Sammy Run

What Makes Sammy Run By Schulberg What Makes Sammy Run, The Moral Compass, and My Life What Makes Sammy Run? by Budd Schulberg is a brilliant book that shows the savagery, the insensitiveness, and cruelty caused by the drive for money, which characterized the general attitude of most people in America during the end of 1930s and the beginning of the 1940s. Sammy Glick, the main character in the book, is a poor Jewish boy who grows into an adult and spends all his life trying to get to the top of the hierarchy by knocking other people down. It is money, prestige, and power, which are most important for him. His mind is constantly occupied with thoughts of how to manipulate people and benefit from their hard work. To understand why Sammy is always hostile and always cynical towards people's good manners, one should probably look at Sammy's childhood. Brought up in poverty, running without shoes on the streets, working from early age to help his father to pay the rent, and beaten every time he goes to school, Sammy quickly understands that to escape this miserable living, he has to work hard. Soon he learns how to play tricks on people to make more money. ?There is a guy on the opposite corner doin' pretty good ?cause he's yellin' ?U.S. may enter war. So I asks a customer if there's anything in the paper about that. So when he says no, I figure I can pull a fast one too. So I starts hollerin' ?U.S. enters war,' and jeez shoulda seen the rush!?(Schulberg 213). Sammy doesn't show any respect towards his closest relatives. It is natural for him to knock his brother down to get the messenger job. Working many hours and getting more money, Sammy ?was beginning to understand the secret of power?(220). He is not afraid of Sheik who used to beat him up every day at school. Close to the age of thirteen, Sammy is already devoid of human feeling even towards his parents. The only thing he thinks about is money. Sammy does not respect the Jewish tradition any more. He will not be the ?bar mitzvah? his father wants him to be because, according to Sammy's understanding, he has already become one. He does not visit the ?cheder? because there are more important things to do in life like making money, for example. It is difficult for ?Papa? to understand his own son. ?That's all you think about, money, money...?(222) says his father. Sammy, however, already knows that ?It's money in the pocket ? that's what makes you fell like a man (222). He does not even cry when his father passes away. His only reaction ?Is it over? (223) speaks of something not human. ?Sammy was thirteen, but he was a veteran; he had learned something that took the place of tears?(223). Sammy has formed a hard shell that protects him from all human feelings. His drive for money, control and annihilation of everything human is unsurpassable. Sammy has an enormous amount of confidence. There is nothing that can stop him. Even the first day, when he goes to work for Al Manheim as an office boy at The Record, he boastfully declares: ?I'm the new office boy, but I ain't going to be an office boy long?(3). Al Manheim is the other major character in the book. Compared to Sammy, he is much more considerable of other people and tries to teach Sammy of respect and compassion to others. All his words and bits of advice, however, come to a brick wall because it is difficult to change the path Sammy has chosen for himself. Later, on the day of his birthday at The Algonquin, when he makes the big strike towards publicity, it is not uncommon for him to say: ?Okay, I stink, ?but someday you'll cut an arm for one little whiff?(27). Sammy is not afraid to speak openly to established writers in Hollywood. He is confident and selfish, fighting for every opportunity, obsessed by the one idea of self-promotion. ?I was just thinking about me. I just kept thinking nothing but me. I just kept saying Sammyglicksammyglick over and inside my head and it kept growing louder SAMMYGLICKSAMMYGLICK (33). Insincerity in human relationship, unfairness in competition, disloyalty, disregard of others, these are some of the typical characteristics of Sammy Glick and of all the other people that try to imitate Sammy Glick. Sammy is fighter for money and publicity, a ruthless careerist. His constant drive

How Much Does it Cost to Publish a Book A Detail of Full Expenses

How Much Does it Cost to Publish a Book A Detail of Full Expenses How Much Does it Cost to Publish a Book? A Detail of Full Expenses How Much Does it Cost to Publish a Book A Detail of Full Expenses How Much Does it Cost to Publish a Book? A Detail of Full Expenses You already know. Thereis a cost to self-publish a book. Much like with any worthwhile endeavor, you may have to sacrifice some cash in order to make more down the road.â€Å"Remember to think of the cost of self-publishing as an investment, not a cost. [A book is] an asset that earns you money long-term.† – Joanna PennIts been an epic journey, from coming up with your idea to fleshing out the first draft of your book, and now, its time to launchyour bookout to the world for everyone to enjoy.However, you may be wondering, How much does it cost to publish a book? Self-publishing has broken down a lot of barriers for writers and dramatically lowered the costs of publishing a book, but there are still some involved.Heres what youll learn about the cost to publish a book:The rise of self-publishingHow much it costs to publish a bookCover design costEditor costFormatting costBook promotion costCost of publishing an audiobookAdditional publishing toolsSince the explosion of digital books on Amazon and various other platforms likeKobo, iBooks, and Smashwords,first-timeauthors and professional authors alike can write, publish and promote their books forless than $1,000.On the other hand, you can spend as much as $20,000 on self-publishing andbook marketing costs if you have that kind of budget. Let’s break down the costs of the self-publishing process.We’ll share some secrets to bring those costs down if you’re budget-conscious.NOTE: We cut down self-publishing costs covered in this post by detailing the best methods for writing, marketing, and self-publishing a book in our VIP 2.0 Self-Publishing Program.Learn more about it hereThe Rise of Self-Publishing If you’re an author dreaming of making your books available to millions of readers, youcanmake it happen. You only have to invest your time, some money, and a little bit of sanity.The sky’s really the limit. Self-publishing on Amazon has made it possible for us to all fly with our books. Are you ready to make yours fly?There are many factors that can affect the cost of publishing your book. What it really boils down to is this: How much are you willing to spend, and how well do you want your book to sell? The reason I ask these questions is because if you go cheap on everything, you could end up putting out alow-qualitybook that gets panned by bad reviews, and then it won’t sell.When publishing on Amazon, quality sells. And yes, quality costs money. But there are ways you can creatively cut costs and still put out a quality book. Let’s take a look. How Much Does It Cost to Publish a Book?The cost of publishing a book varies greatly but self-published authors can expect to spend anywhere from $100-$1500 to publish a book based on additional book production costs like editing, cover design, formatting, and more, which we cover. cover design, formatting, and more, which we cover.To start, let’s look at a sample budget for publi shing a book.Now, these aren’t the high-end numbers for self-publishing. You can spend as much money as you want - this is a list ofbudget-conscious pricing for getting your book done within a reasonable budget.I’ll go into each of these in more detail, with links you can check out for yourself and find what works within your budget.Take some time to shop around see where to get the best value for the best price.However, these are some average prices you can expect when self-publishing your book. What You NeedDetailsAverage CostProfessional Cover DesignEach book NEEDS a professional cover. People judge books by covers and without investing in one, your book will fail.$100 - $600Professional EditingEven if you're the best writer out there, your book will still need a fresh, unbiased pair of eyes on it.$300 - $1,500FormattingA good book needs proper formatting for paperback, hardback (if you want this) and for Ebook. Luckily, this can be included with cover design at ma ny design firms.$50 - $300PromotionIf you want to run ads for your site or pay your launch team in any way, these are costs you will have to cover.$0 - $500Author ToolsThis includes courses, building your site, automated email services, writing software, and more.$175 +How Much Does a Book CoverDesigner Cost?Even though we’ve been told â€Å"you’re not supposed to judge a book by its cover,† the reality is, we do it anyway.The book cover design can often determine whether or not people will actually pay for it and read it. Your cover will make or break your book right off the bat. If there’s any one cost you don’t want to go cheap on, this would be it.While it’s true you can outsource to someone onFiverr and get a decent cover for less than $20, it pays to do your research and find a better designer who is going to deliver a good book cover that sells your book. Cover designers arent  just talented creators. Many who do it as a living have inside market knowledge and tailor your book cover for your specific genre.If you do decide to go through Fiverr, check out this video Chandler Bolt recorded on how to use Fiverr.com to outsource your book coverdesign. I would recommend setting aside a budget of at least $100. This isn’t to say that spending tons of money will get you an awesome cover, but going cheap may hurt your sales in the long run.How Much Does a Book Editor Cost?Ahigh-qualitybook should always be edited by areal editor. Whether you hire a line editor or copy editor, you should get a professional to look over your work. Don’t try to cut corners here.Even if you’re a professional editor yourself with 30 years of experience, you need to outsource it to aprofessional editor.Trust me: A book that contains typos will get bad reviews and sales will drop flat. Where to hire a book editor:Jen Blood EditingMary Kole EditorialThe Novel DoctorMake sure you shop around when hiring a book editor. Sin ce book editors rates vary so greatly, you can often find an amazing editor as a fraction of the price of bigger editing companies, like NY Book Editors.If youre a Self-Publishing School student, we provide a rolodex of tried-and-trusted editors with reduced rates.A 40,000 manuscript edited through NY Book Editors can run you up to $2,700 for a comprehensive edit.NY Book Editors Cost CalculatorLove your book by spending the cash on editing. You can find quality editors atUpwork, or you can find the editors we recommend in our Preferred Outsourcer Rolodex if you’re a member of theSelf-Publishing School community.You can get a very short book, around 15,000 words, line edited for about $150-$250 if you search a wide variety of editors and find one with reasonable pricing.Ghostwriting, developmental or structural editing will run you much more than that depending on the length of your book and the depth of edits you require - prices run around $2,000 for 100,000 words.How Much Does Book Formatting Cost? When it’s time toformat your book, if you’re publishing on Amazon, you might want to get it formatted both for print and for Kindle. You can outsource the formatting of both your e-book and print book for around $60-$200.Fiverr has some goodformattersat reasonable prices. I’d also recommend asking fellow authors if they have any great recommendations for bookformatters.Once you find a book  formatter  you really like, hang on to their contact information  for future reference.Take a look at these costs of publishing to get an idea for this:How Much Does it Cost to Promote Your Book?When it comes to spending cash on promotional sites, you could empty your bank easily. Set a budget for yourself and go with the best of the best within that budget.Budgets vary but I’ll spend $29 on the low end forBuck Books and go as high as $1,000 if you add on a bundle of promo sites to launch your book.Again, this is a major money suck if y ou’re not careful; you can throw thousands into it and get mediocre results.For the best results on several paid launches, I have used:Bookzio($19-29)Robin Reads($35)Buck Books($32)BKnights($5-40)Awesome Gang($10)Bargain Booksy ($25 for nonfiction)BookSends ($40) When it comes to paid promotions, do your research on the top sites that can generate a good return.Check out thisdetailed list of promo sites - some are free!How Much Doesit Cost to Record an Audio Book?Creating an audiobook can run you anywhere from $300 to $3,000 depending on the length of your book and who you hire to do it.If you have a novel with multiple characters and want different people to read different roles, it can run towards the high end of the budget, especially if you’re using high-end talent.Here are some places you can hire audio book narrators:Upwork 27 Best Audiobook NarratorsACX NarratorsAudio Book Recording NarratorsAudiobook VoicesIf you have a good voice or acting experience and you want to give it a shot, you can purchase the basic equipment and record theaudiobookversion yourself.Check out thisblog postfor setting up your recording studio and doing it yourself.Additional Author Tools and ExpensesHere are some of the basic tools for professional authors. This will add a price tag to your book, but many of these are just a one-time payment. Other tools will bill you monthly.#1 Book Publishing Courses If you’re new to the game ofself-publishing, take a course like Self-Publishing School orjoin our Mastermind Community,for everything you need to get started.You could also look into taking multiple courses onUdemy.But again, you can spend a fortune on various courses. I would recommend sticking with one course until you complete it and branching out to learn other skills after you get your first big win.#2 An Author Website Building an author platform is a great consideration if you’re looking to expand your business, write blogs and promote your work. You can build an entire website or just a landing page with a call-to-action to get users to opt in.It’s also important to capture leads to build your mailing list. A lead capture form on your website helps you find quality leads and determine your primary audience.Here are some things you’ll need to look into in order to get started with building a website: Hosting:You can sign up for hosting with servers such asBluehost or Hostgator.The cost would be around $150 per year, which is very reasonable for website hosting. You will get a discount when you sign up for the first year, but pay full price when you renew.Domain Name:You can purchase a domain name to secure your brand and start driving traffic to your site. Check outName.com. A domain name will cost around $10-$15 per year.Email Subscription Services:If you want to collect email addresses, you’ll need to sign upforan email subscription service to manage your emails. There are several choices:MailChi mp: This is free up to the first 2000 subscribers. If you opt in to use their autoresponder service or other upgrades, you’ll have to pay around $10 a month depending on the number of subscribers.AWeber:This platform costs $19 per month for up to 500 subscribers.ConvertKit.com: ConvertKithas tons of value. Price is based onsubscribers but starts at $29 a month for your first 1,000 subscribers. This is now one of the most robust sites for building an email list.#3 Publish Under Your Own Company Ivetalked about this elsewhere, but there are perks to publishing your print book under your own company, instead of publishing with aCreateSpace (which has now merged with KDP) ISBN or another print-on-demand service.The ISBN (the 13-digit number above the barcode at the back of your book)letsbookstores and libraries know everything about your book, including the publisher.If you use a free, generic ISBN assigned to you by CreateSpace orIngramspark, youll limit your chances of a books tore carrying your own book.Free ISBNs eliminate your ebook from being stocked onOverdrive, for example, which circulated more than105 million eBooks in 2014 to public libraries all over the world.Getting your own ISBN and setting yourself up as your own publisher will cost $295 for 10 ISBN codes, but it will help you access all distribution channels.This isnt necessary if youre just starting out - its more important to publish your book and get it out there. However, if you are serious about building a self-publishing empire and making a full-time living from your writing, youll want to eventually invest in getting your own ISBN codes and setting up your own publishing company.How to Increase Book SalesWe all want to make cash with our writing. It may not be the only reason we write, but self-publishing your own book is still an investment. And like any investment, it’s nice to get a return rather than taking a loss. Here is a list of strategies you can implement to increas e your book sales, crush those low book sales, and get more eyeballs on your work.Run acontestthroughGoodreads.Reach out to podcastersandinfluencersin your niche and set up an interview. This has proven to be a big game-changer for authors like Hal Elrod and Tim Ferriss.Run promos every 3 months.After your book has been at regular price for a while, wait three months and then drop it to99 cents again. Set up some paid ads every other day for one week. Try using theKDP countdown strategy.Blog about the topics in your book.Set up a blog and get more traffic and interest in your work by writing about what you love. Traffic that lands on your page can be directed to yourAmazon Author Pageand that meansmore book sales!Write another book.Building acatalogof books is a great formula for generating higher monthly income.Apply for a spot on Bookbub.Bookbub is the big gorilla when it comes tobookpromoting. It’s expensive ($300 and up), but it’s a solid investment and you will ma ke your money back on the promo costs. You can check outBookbub hereand sign up for an author account to get started.4 Ways to Save Money on Your Book Costs Self-publishing can be expensive if you let it. Here are a few tips to help you save on your book costs, both now and in the future.#1 Save Money on Book Formatting (if you dare!) Write your ebookwithScrivener.Not only is Scrivener the number one author tool for writing and organizing your manuscript but, if used effectively, it can save you moneyonformatting costs.If you’d like to learn more about how it works, check out thisScrivener Webinarhosted by Joseph Michael with Chandler Bolt. Joel Friedlander’s The Book Designer also offers a bundle ofbook design templatesfor both fiction and nonfiction.These templates cost money but will save you money in the long run from outsourcing. I have personally been using these to do the formatting for my books.It can betime-consumingat first but once you get the hang of it, y ou’ll save money on formatting costs.#2 Build a List of Email Subscribers Although this topic deserves its own blog (or book), I’ll mention it here because if you build up an email list now, it can save you thousands of dollars in promotional costs down the road.When you launch your next book, you’ll have hundreds or thousands of fans waiting for your next release.Not only that, but these are the fans who will leave reviews if they join yourbook launch teamand purchase your book the first week it comes out. This drives your rankings up, and this drives sales even further. Sound good?You can start to build your email list by including a link to a lead magnet in your ebook. A lead magnet is an offer of a free, valuable piece of content that readers will get if they go to your website and subscribe to your email list.#3 Barter When You Can If youre just starting out with self-publishing and youre on a tight budget, look to barter services when you can. By coming to a deal where you exchange your services or something you have that is of value to people, you can save yourself lots of money.As a writer, maybe you have some copywriting skills.See if you can share some of that in exchange for design work from a cover designer. But it doesnt have to be just raw skills that you barter - Dana Sitargot a cartoonist friend of hers to do the illustrations for her book in exchange for $50 and 10 percent of direct sales of the book.Its a decision she doesnt regret, as the illustrations get her raving reviews. If youre on a budget, you don’t need to fully cut back on the quality of your book.See if there are possibilities to cut a deal and get the service you require to set your book apart.#4 Write a Great Book!This might seem like an obvious tip, but paying attention to the quality of your book throughout the writing process is going to save you money. The better your book, the less you’ll have to spend onediting.You will also gain a sol id reputation as someone who writes really well. This means loyal fans will spread the word about your book and your blog, your email list grows, and any future books you release will practically promote themselves.Well, almost.Your Next Step We are in a great era ofself-publishing.Anyone can turn their dream into a reality with just a few months of hard work, a bit of cash, and a great book idea. Weve broken downthe cost to publish your book so that you have a rough idea of what to budget. Writers have gone on to publish bestsellers with as little an investment as $1,000, while others have required up to $20,000. It all depends what you prioritize and if you can save costs in a manner that doesnt decrease the quality of your book.While money matters, remember the reasons you want to self-publish your book: to get your message out there, build authority, and add something new to the world.Spend what you can to make your book as high quality as possible. If your audience likes it, y oull be sure to hit your goals.

Sopwith Camel - Top World War I Fighter

Sopwith Camel - Top World War I Fighter The iconic Allied aircraft of World War I (1914-1918), the Sopwith Camel entered service in mid-1917 and helped the reclaim the skies over the Western Front from the Deutsche Luftstreitkrfte (Imperial German Air Service). An evolution of an earlier Sopwith fighter, the Camel mounted twin .30 cal. Vickers machine guns and was capable of around 113 mph in level flight. A difficult aircraft for novices to fly, its idiosyncrasies made it one of the most maneuverable aircraft on either side in the hands of an experienced pilot. These characteristics helped make it the most lethal Allied fighter of the war.   Design Development: Designed by Herbert Smith, the Sopwith Camel was a follow-on aircraft to the Sopwith Pup. A largely successful aircraft, the Pup had become outclassed by new German fighters, such as the Albatros D.III in early 1917. The result was a period known as Bloody April which saw Allied squadrons sustain heavy losses as their Pups, Nieuport 17s, and older aircraft were downed in large numbers by the Germans. Initially known as the Big Pup the Camel was initially powered by a 110 hp Clerget 9Z engine and featured a visually heavier fuselage than its predecessor. This was largely composed of fabric over a wooden frame with plywood panels around the cockpit and an aluminum engine cowling. Structurally, the aircraft featured a straight upper wing with a very pronounced dihedral on the lower wing. The new Camel was the first British fighter to utilize twin .30 cal. Vickers machine guns firing through the propeller. The metal fairing over the guns breeches, which was intended to keep the weapons from freezing at higher altitudes, formed a hump which led to the aircrafts name. A nickname, the term Camel was never officially adopted by the Royal Flying Corps. Handling Within in the fuselage, the engine, pilot, guns, and fuel were grouped within the first seven feet of the aircraft. This forward center of gravity, coupled with the significant gyroscopic effect of the rotary engine, made the aircraft difficult to fly particularly for novice aviators. This was a significant change from earlier Sopwith aircraft which had been considered fairly easy to fly. To facilitate the transition to the aircraft, two-seat trainer variants of the Camel were produced. The Sopwith Camel was known to climb in a left turn and dive in a right turn. Mishandling the aircraft often could lead to a dangerous spin. Also, the aircraft was known to be consistently tail heavy in level flight at low altitudes and required steady forward pressure on the control stick to maintain a steady altitude. While these handling characteristics challenged pilots, they also made the Camel extremely maneuverable and lethal in combat when flown by a skilled pilot such as Canadian ace William George Barker. Sopwith Camel - Specifications: General Length: 18 ft. 9 in.Wingspan: 26 ft. 11 in.Height: 8 ft. 6 in.Wing Area: 231 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 930 lbs.Crew: 1 Performance Power Plant: 1 Ãâ€" Clerget 9B 9-cylinder Rotary engine, 130 hpRange: 300 milesMax Speed: 113 mphCeiling: 21,000 ft. Armament Guns: 2 Ãâ€" .30 cal. Vickers machine guns Production Flying for the first time on December 22, 1916, with Sopwith test pilot Harry Hawker at the controls, the prototype Camel impressed and the design was further developed. Accepted into service by the Royal Flying Corps as the Sopwith Camel F.1, the majority of the production aircraft were powered by 130 hp Clerget 9B engine. The first order for the aircraft was issued by the War Office in May 1917. Subsequent orders saw the production run total around 5,490 aircraft. During its production, the Camel was fitted with a variety of engines including the 140 hp Clerget 9Bf, 110 hp Le Rhone 9J, 100 hp Gnome Monosoupape 9B-2, and 150 hp Bentley BR1. Operational History Arriving at the front in June 1917, the Camel debuted with No.4 Squadron Royal Naval Air Service and quickly showed its superiority over the best German fighters, including both the Albatros D.III and D.V. The aircraft next appeared with No. 70 Squadron RFC and ultimately would be flown by over fifty RFC squadrons. An agile dog fighter, the Camel, along with the Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5a and the French SPAD S.XIII, played a key role in reclaiming the skies over the Western Front for the Allies. In addition to British use, 143 Camels were purchased by the American Expeditionary Force and flown by several of its squadrons. The aircraft was also used by Belgian and Greek units. Other Uses In addition to service ashore, a navalized version of the Camel, the 2F.1, was developed for use by the Royal Navy. This aircraft featured a slightly shorter wingspan and replaced one of the Vickers machine guns with a .30 cal Lewis gun firing over the top wing. Experiments were also conducted in 1918 using 2F.1s as parasite fighters carried by British airships. Camels were also used as night fighters though with some modifications. As the muzzle-flash from the twin Vickers wrecked the pilots night vision, the Camel Comic night fighter possessed twin Lewis guns, firing incendiary ammunition, mounted on the upper wing. Flying against German Gotha bombers, the Comics cockpit was situated farther aft than the typical Camel to allow the pilot to more easily reload the Lewis guns. Later Service By mid-1918, the Camel was slowly becoming out-classed by new fighters arriving on the Western Front. Though it remained in frontline service due to development issues with its replacement, the Sopwith Snipe, the Camel was increasingly used in a ground support role. During the German Spring Offensives flights of Camels attacked German troops with devastating effect. On these missions the aircraft typically strafed enemy positions and dropped 25-lb. Cooper bombs. Replaced by the Snipe at the conclusion of World War I the Camel downed a minimum of 1,294 enemy aircraft making it the deadliest Allied fighter of the war. Following the war, the aircraft was retained by several nations including the United States, Poland, Belgium, and Greece. In the years after the war, the Camel became entrenched in pop culture through a variety of films and books about the air war over Europe. More recently, the Camel commonly appeared in the popular Peanuts cartoons as the favored plane of Snoopy during his imaginary battles with the Red Baron.

Food Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Food - Research Paper Example This may be seen, for example, in the cultural prohibitions against eating pork in the Jewish and Muslim religions – this is an essential part of their cultural heritage, and it sets them apart and defines them as a part of their cultural group (James, 3). Food also forms memories, and these memories and associations form the basis for what is commonly termed as â€Å"comfort food.† Wansink et al., (740) state that comfort foods are foods which conjure a comfortable and pleasurable state in the person, and that childhood experienced and social-affective contexts influence these food preferences. The psychological pleasure that these foods bring is based upon the feelings of pleasure and love which are behind these foods. The researchers state that this psychological response explains why some people love liver and onions, while others find this aversive. Moreover, chocolate is often favored in part because of its association with gift-giving and rewards in childhood exp eriences. At the same time, certain foods may have negative connotations, and these negative connotations creates food aversions. Concurs Wood (36), food often has a certain nostalgic appeal that is based upon sentiment, and is often associated with home and contentment. Familiar foods evoke comfort and psychological benefits. Wood also found, interestingly enough, that when individuals are in the midst of great personal change, they choose familiar favorites less often (Wood, 36). Thus, as Wansink and Wood acknowledge, there is a very powerful memory component in the consumption of food. Whether one remembers mum serving Yorkshire Pudding every Sunday evening at dinner, or one remembers one’s father serving curried chicken, these will be the foods which will be psychologically comforting, because these are the foods which are steeped with memories of home, childhood and love. These will be the foods which will create the nostalgic craving, that, interestingly enough, accordi ng to Wood, are not as appealing when an individual is going through great personal change. While this paper will concentrate on three different regions of the world, and some of the trends or the staples of their diet, James (3) cautions against using stereotypes in ascertaining typical regional diets, given the diversity within cultures for what people prefer to eat. James states that people have an idea about typical diets, such as a typical Italian diet, or Greek diet, or Spanish diet, and this is what gives society at large a general idea of what to expect when visiting these countries. Furthermore, as each region of the world is influenced by the global nature of society, as well as immigrants into the country and the general fluidity of the populace with regards to travel, food, according to James, has more of a global character than a local one. She points out that olive oil has only become a staple in the Provencal region since the end of the 19th Century (James, 4). Theref ore, James argues that regional cooking is influenced by globalization, and, as such, is ever evolving. Since there is such diversity in each of the areas which are explored – for instance, even in the United States of America, there are distinctive regions that serve different kinds of foods (southern food is much different than New England food, which is different from West coast food, etc) –

World of work bronze statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

World of work bronze statement - Assignment Example I have been involved in working with others to avoid and clarify any arising ambiguities. I have great customer service skills illustrated by my abilities of meeting as well as exceeding my customer expectations. I have the ability of anticipating the future customer needs and regard customers very special to the organization. I always will be responsible to develop long-term customer relationship to enhance organizational growth. I have the ability of going an extra mile for the customer and regard them to be very important. I have made high quality decisions based on logic and analytic skill information. I have the ability of breaking very complex data in to smaller component parts as well I poses the ability of considering different outcomes of a varying course of actions. I have drawn important conclusion for conflicting information sources and I have made sound decisions in a timely manner. However, I need to develop effective communication skills that I need for my potential employment option. I am a little bit shy and I lack strong verbal communication skills when dealing with my fellow workers. I have strong ideas but I hardly air my ideas, which I need to improve on. Following this, I have been involved in various presentation talks in my previous job and in the future, I plan to improve on my communication skills and become more assertive. I have work values that drive and motivate me towards attainment of my goals and objectives. I possess the ability of managing and prioritizing my work effectively in a timely manner. I can work alone and take responsibility of my own time and work. Through personal organizational skills and effective time management, I have been able to rise in the ranks to the sales and purchasing manager in my previous job career. Through good personal management, I have been able to emergence as a top student and attained my master’s scholarship

Main Reason Behind Trade Union Decline Commerce Essay

Main Reason Behind Trade Union Decline Commerce Essay Trade Union decline is today common across the world. However, in the first half of the last century unions were at the zenith of their power, and were almost synonymous with employment relations in most of the industrialised nations. They were perhaps the only vehicle for employee voice through collective bargaining and industrial action in those times (Freeman and Medoff, 1984). Since the early 1950s, the union movement started seeing a downfall in the United States (Blanchflower and Bryson,2008). While the effect was more pronounced and early in the USA, the trend soon caught up in the UK and European nations. By the 1980s, the effects started to show dramatically on union membership and density figures in UK. Countries like Australia (Waddoups, 2001), Japan, India, and China (Kuruvilla et al.,2002) have also seen a southward trend in membership since the 1990s. Even in a country like Germany where the union membership has not declined sizeably, a variety of factors suggest that u nion power has been declining (Katz, 2005). In the UK, as per the WERS2004 data, aggregate membership density fell from over 50% in the late 1970s to around 30% by 2000. The number of workplaces with union members present fell from 73% in 1984 to 54% by 1998. The proportion of workplaces where unions are recognised by employers fell from 53% in 1990 to 45% in 1998. The number of employees whose pay is determined by collective bargaining fell from around 70% in the late 1970s to 27% in 2004 (Bryson and Forth, 2010). But why is membership so important? Unions derive power by controlling the supply of labour through union organisation and thus union membership is an indicator (or rather a prerequisite) of trade union power (Blyton Turnbull, 2004 p138). The other headspring of union influence is their voice within the political arena and the ability to clog businesses through industrial action. All of these have taken a hit since the 1980s owing to multiple influences arguably leading to membership decline. The scope of this essay is to examine the critical reasons for this decline through the workers lens largely in the UK, with support from similar trends in other parts of the world. It is now beyond dispute that union membership and density have fallen beyond imagination causing much agony to unionists, but, what needs to be explored is whether the perception of unions in the eyes of the worker has indeed diminished. Hence Diminishing Worth, Increasing Woes might have been an apt title for this essay. The CBIs Director of Employment Affairs had once quoted: collective bargaining no longer presents itself as the only or even the most obvious method of handling relations at work; fewer employees and employers feel the need for union mediation in their dealings (Gilbert 1993: 252 as cited by Claydon in Beardwell,1996 p144); Millward et al, (2000) have also concluded that union membership decline was the result of a withering of enthusiasm on the part of workers ( cited in Charlwood, 2003); So, one might be tempted to agree that workers no longer see value in membership; but there is not one single reason which can be attributed to this precipitous fall in union membership. A myriad of factors like the political landscape of the times along with the legal reforms, some macro and micro-economic issues, and the socio-demographic changes have to be considered. In fact, some researchers have looked internal to hint that unions are the architects of their own fall (Dunn, 2009). In order to understand the reasons for decrease in union membership, it might be prudent to ask , Why do workers join a union? Why or Why Not Unions?: The main motive for employees to join a union comes from a pluralist view where they feel they have different interests from managers (Bacon in Redman Wilkinson, 2006). Waddington and Whitstone(1997), provide the top two reasons as to why employees continue to join unions; first, to get support if there was any trouble and second, to improve their pay and conditions. Guest Dewe, advocate a relationship between job dissatisfaction and willingness to unionise (1988); Ratified to some degree by Charlwood,(2002). The rational choice theory explains that workers are inclined to join a union if the benefits they receive exceed the cost of joining (Guest and Dewe,1988). The sociological point of view provided is that, an individuals social context, parental occupation and pattern of social interaction are likely to influence the desire to be a union member (Guest and Dewe,1988; Visser, 2000). Therefore, people do come with a pre-conceived belief whether to join or not join a union which might get subsequently modified based on their experience and political inclination(Charlwood, 2002). Hyman was quoted on BBC News, (2004), being a union member has ceased to be the social norm, and a new generation has grown up who not only are not trade unionists, but whose parents have never been in unions either. John Monks (2001), former General Secretary of the TUC, also confessed, there is a general assumption among non-union workers that unions are for blue collar workers with problems, not white collar workers with opportunities (Blyton and Turnbull,2004 p141). These socio-psychological contexts are to be borne in mind before we look at the other reasons which might have influenced workers attitudes and thereby union membership. Thatcherism: 10 Downing Street is considered to be the place where it all began; where the future of employment relations in the UK was rewritten by the conservative government under Mrs Thatcher in 1979. The impact of the iron ladys legislative reforms on trade unions and membership is an all time favourite with most writers. The exclusion of unions from any role in national policy making, encouraging management to assume greater control within the workplace (Waddington, as cited in Edwards 2003 p216) were direct hits on the source of the Unions power. At the peak of union membership and density in 1979, almost 40 per cent of all trade unionists (23% of all workers) were covered by a closed shop (Dunn and Gennard, 1984). So in 1980, when closed shop agreements were almost made illegal, coverage fell to 8% and in 1990 to 2 %.(Millward et al., 2000 as in Blyton and Turnbull 2004). The 1982 Employment Act, also delivered a severe blow to the Unions which had its desired repercussions ( Taylor, 2000). In fact, the WERS98 data indicates that only a minority of members (46%) believe that unions can make a difference to what it is like to work here'( Cully et all,1999, p213) Blyton and Turnbull suggest the reason behind this cynical view might be the impact of the legislation that weakened both individual and collective employment rights (2004). Hence government legislation combining with employer policies can be seen as a synergistic project to create a potent gradualist route to union exclusion (Smith and Morton 1993: 100 as cited in Beardwell 1996 p156). But this might not hold true in hindsight today, since the Conservatives have lost power for over 15 years and yet the trend has not reversed or even rectified even after some of the future governments have taken a liberal view of the unions with the statutory support for unions reinstated in 1999. In his book charting the growth and leadership of the TUC, Robert Taylor (2000) indicates that the union leadership wa s well aware of the changing times much before the Thatcher government came into power and that the termites of ineffective leadership had already hollowed the unions from within; so when the winds blew hard after the winter of discontent the structure just fell apart as a natural process. Union De-recognition: Managements attitudes towards unions and their growing indifference to union recognition has also been considered to be an additive to union decline (Disney et al., 1995). Ackers and Payne are of the view that, businesses are increasingly turning hostile to unions (1998). Edwards, mentions a unitary view where unions are looked upon as external pathological elements causing disturbance [to management] (2003). Encouraged by the changing legislations, management in the private sector did not miss the opportunity to sideline unions. While they did not really work towards de-recognition, they carefully eliminated collective bargaining rights affecting pay conditions from unions in newer and private sectors (Beaumont and Harris, 1995). This has been a key determinant in membership decline as mentioned by Bryson and Forth, (2010). Thus, Charlwood, (2003) agrees any withering of enthusiasm for unions on the part of the workforce was a response to the assertion of manag erial prerogatives. Undoubtedly, the presence of a union is the least required for an employee to join a union. Green (1990), for example, found that ( using data from the general household survey) 30% of female part-time workers were Union members, but where a union was available to join, the membership rose to almost 60%. The 1998 British Social Attitudes survey shows 40% of non union employees expressed a willingness to join a union if they had one. If all these people join a union then membership will increase by 3.2 million, this is consistent with similar studies in North America (cited in Charlwood, 2003). Rise of HRM: When the news of alternative practices in non unionised companies like IBM and HP travelled the Atlantic in the early 80s, it affected management practices here in the UK and Europe as well. It has been suggested by Lucio and Weston(1992, as cited in Blyton Turnbull,1992) that unions were unable to focus on the emerging issues concerning employment such as health and safety, equal opportunities, worker participation and others and continued to reflect on the narrow areas of pay and conditions; and as they neglected to tie the new issues back into collective bargaining , the legislative framework surrounding these issues left management the task of unifying these rights within Employment relations as HRM. In a study of an IBM plant in the UK by Dickson et al(1988), employees identified with the individualistic ethos of the company and deemed no requirement for a Union, since the company provided them with good pay and conditions, fair performance management systems and i ncentives, opportunities for growth and development, job security and grievance mechanisms, and a positive ER climate which might have been the functions of a union (cited in Redman and Wilkinson,2006). The rise of newer practices of voice representation and direct employee participation have added to the agony of traditional IR practitioners. These HRM strategies are perceived by trade unionists as an encroachment into their territory (Blyton and Turnbull, 1992) However, empirical evidence does not support this view in totality. The first general finding from WERS98 is that HRM practices are strongly associated with a recognised union presence (Cully et all 1999). Guest (2001), mentions in the 1998 IPD survey among union members 26% employees felt they were more fairly treated because they were union members; only about 3 percent felt that they were treated less fairly. This means about 69% were indifferent about unions; a similar trend showed in non union members where almost 70% thought union membership made no difference. It also showed that workers are more likely to put credence to a union at work where they felt management did not have great HRM practices (Storey, 2001). Workforce Composition: In the 1950s union membership was largely concentrated among the 3M workers male, manual and manufacturing (Visser, 2000). Between 1999 and 2009, the pedigree of union members became more feminized, older, educated, dominated by workers in non-manual jobs and those working in the public sector (Bryson and Forth, 2010). Many researchers (Brown et al., 1997; Millward et al., 1992, Bryson and Gomez, 2005, Towers, 1989) have argued that the changing composition of the workforce, like the shift in employment from manufacturing to services and the growing labor market participation of women and part- time workers have been important contributory factors to lesser propensity to unionisation . However, this is just a symptom, not a diagnosis of the problem. As Kelly(1990) pointed out there is no reason why a decline in manufacturing or growth of female employment should automatically signal a decline in union membership'( as cited in Blyton and Turnbull, 2004 p142). A point worth considering is that with the rise in real wages, workers had no stipulation to join unions, while the rampant unemployment of the times provided employers with wider choices and hence an opportunity to resist unionisation. The increase in free-riding and never- membership have also posed a setback to unions as mentioned by Bryson and Forth(2010). There are currently almost three million free-riders among the eight million covered employees in Britain. This increasing trend is causing more problems for trade unions since they are representing such workers in collective bargaining without receiving anything in return in terms of membership dues. By 2006-8, half of all employees were never- members (Bryson and Forth,2010). This might be attributed to a rise in individualism among workers as opposed to a collective approach in the past or it might be an indication of failure to organise on part of the Unions. Failure to Organise: Undoubtedly, the perception of union power has diminished over the years leading to the waning of appetite to join unions. One of the primary causes might be that Unions could not organise themselves well in the changing years to retain their agenda or increase their agenda. Whether pressurised by legislation or de-recognition by management, unions have accepted concessions in collective bargaining in recent years, which has led to further erosion of their perceived powers. Trade unions were initially slow to meet the neo-liberal challenge posed by the Conservative government, with the consequence that its impact was amplified. Until 1987, the majority of unions openly opposed the legislation and hoped for the election of a Labour Government that would repeal the legislations (Taylor, 2000; Edward 2003). Millward et al, (2000) and Machin (2000) believe the key reason for union decline is their failure to organise workers and gain recognition for collective bargai ning in new firms and workplaces. The poor organisation of the union leaders and stewards has also led to a loss of faith in members and left no choice for workers but to renounce their collective rights and give in to the devils bargain in lieu for a more individualistic employment contract. Geary, (2006) found that only 24 percent of non union employees in unionised companies were ever asked to join the union and the remaining 76% were never even approached. In difficult times as these, this lackadaisical approach has cost unions a lot more than what they could anticipate. Union Response and Future Trends: Unions of late have embarked on a series of reforms to policy, structure and activity to pull up their act (Williams, 1997; Wright ACAS, 2011). In spite of the decline in membership, Unions still have many areas of opportunity. As Hyman (1997) has indicated, workers have a broad range of potential and competing interests, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (as cited by Heery, 2003) and Unions as representatives have the choice both in terms of picking the interests and the methods. Some studies suggest that HRM initiatives introduced over the past 20 years have had little impact on workers perceptions of them and us ( Kelly and Kelly 1991;Dart and Turner 1999) So unions will benefit if they were to take a more proactive approach rather than reactive to HRM practices. Guest (in Storey, 2001) mentions that WERS98 offered a list of nine conventional items like pay, payment systems, grievances handling, health and safety and training. There was no negotiation with union re presentatives over any of these nine issues in half the workplaces where unions were recognised. On a average unions negotiated on only 1.1 of the nine issues while non-union reps negotiated over 0.9 issues. Hence, the picture that emerges is one of limited industrial action. There are almost half of all organisations and a majority in the private sectors where there is neither a union presence nor great HR practices this could be an opportunity for unions. the other ray of hope for unions is that, the percentage of employees in British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) who say the workplace union is doing its job well has been rising since 1997 both among union and non-members (as seen in Fig 1. Bryson and Forth, 2010). There is thus some support for the notion that unions have re-oriented themselves in recent years. Fig. 1 Percent age agreeing union doing its job well, 1983-2008 (Note: Employees working 10+ hours in unionised workplaces.) Source: British Social Attitudes Survey. In conclusion, it cannot be denied that the perceived power of unions has been severely affected and this could have led to workers not seeing value in their membership. The reason why workers might have been indifferent to unions are manifold but the key reason that emerges is the inability of the unions to organise and sell their benefits to their customers. The legislation, alternative management practices, undoubtedly aided the workers feelings and so the statement given cannot be the main reason for trade union decline. But if we take the BSA in fig 1. above, this notion is slowly giving way to some expectations from unions. While the image and brand of trade unions has been severely affected and the damage is considered beyond repair by many, as Purcell (1993) said, this is the end of institution IR, but there are areas where unions can make a difference only if they organise themselves well and there are pockets of opportunity if they are willing to look beyond traditional IR practices. But can they reverse the trend? Do they have the will or skill to do it ? Only time can tell.

Being a Good Parent

there are a million ways to describe being a good parent. Some of the most important are unconditional love, being able to listen and understand, and being involved in things your child does. Showing your child that you love them is just as important at telling them. A simple hug or words of encouragement can mean the world to a child. Having your child know that even if they make a mistake you'll always love them.For an example after losing a basketball game in high school I went up to my mom and she hugged me without saying a word, when she did that I felt the love she had for me. Listening and understanding your child is another important characteristic of a good parent. When your child has a problem it could be helpful for them to know that you are available to talk to and offer advice. I'm currently debating on transferring college's, I like being able to talk to my mom about my plans and my future and getting her feedback.Going to a little league game, or baking cookies for the ir class bake sale are ways of being involved in things your child does. Helping your child with things like homework, or a big science project are other ways. There’s so many aspects of being a good parent it would be hard to describe in an essay. I just described the basics, unconditional love, the ability to listen, and being involved with your children.

Privatization of American Prisons - 1661 Words

Introduction: In America today, there is a trend in corrections of taking the duty of running prisons out of the hands of state and federal authorities and contracting it out to private organizations. Along with the drift to privatization is a plethora of research pertaining to the subject taking many different approaches to analyzing the effectiveness. The majority of research focuses on one of three areas. The first questioning whether or not it is cost effective to make the switch. The second being the ethical problems that can and have risen from the privatization of prisons. The third being a wide painting of the change and the implications it has on society as a whole. When the changes came about, there were an excessive amount of†¦show more content†¦In this form, nongovernmental entities own, staff, and operate correctional facilities. (Austin, 2001) Financial Cost/benefit of privatization: The bulk of the research was performed in the late 90s after many years had passed since the implementation of privatized prisons got a substantial boost in1988 (Austin, 2001). Much of the literature centers on the cost effectiveness of contracting out prisons. The main focus of the research is first and foremost, are they saving money by contracting out. Second, if they are saving money, is it enough money to justify the other problems that naturally accompany the for profit prisons model. It is important to understand what it means to contract correctional institutions out to private ownership. Most of the current prisons that have been contracted out run on a similar contract. A private entity either builds a prison to house inmates or is given control of an already built prison. The private corporation is then paid a base dollar amount for each prisoner they house in the facility. In 2001, Emerging issues on privatized prisons found many s triking statistics concerning the privatization of prisons. It is estimated that worldwide there were 184 privately operated correctional facilities. Within the United States, a total of 158 private correctional facilities are operating. A substantial portion of the worlds privately owned correctional facilities are inShow MoreRelated The Privatization of American Prisons Essay4419 Words   |  18 PagesThe Privatization of American Prisons Introduction Since 1984, the California Penal System has been forced to undergo drastic changes resulting from increased legislation aimed at increasing the severity of retribution to offenders leading to an exponentially increasing prison population. In the 132 years between 1852 and 1984, the state of California built twelve prisons, but has since supplemented the prison system with 21 new facilities. In 1977, the California Department of CorrectionsRead More Privatization of American Prisons: a System for Profit Essay8583 Words   |  35 Pagesthis paper will be a compilation of research on the privatization of American prisons. This will include the reasons for, the historical aspects of, and the ethical and legal problems that it can and has caused. The research methods that will be used to develop this research paper will be done through both classical use of books and use of internet-based sources. This topic is important for analysis because the privatization of American prisons is a subject that raises many ethical and legal questionsRead MoreSheding the Light on the Privatization of Prisons from the Costs Point of View1102 Words   |  5 Pages In 2013 a paper from authors, Kish and Lipton discuss the title: Do private prisons really offer savings compared with their public counterparts? The purpose of this article is to shed light on the privatization as far as the cost savings. The authors point out the key points of cost saving are: The construction of a private prison is typically faster since voter approval is not required. The reduction of staff members is one way of reducing cost. The author states the problem being, the measurementRead MoreDefining Accreditation675 Words   |  3 PagesAccreditation is defined as a verification system in which correctional agencies must comply with under the American Correctional Association. Privatization brings about competition between prisons and jails in the community. As a result, prisons and jails a re encouraged to make improvements as deemed necessary. In addition to affecting prisons and jails, accreditation and privatization also has an effect on the professional development of corrections officers. In recent years, the correctionalRead MorePrivate Prisons1166 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: PRISON PRIVATIZATION 1 An Assessment of Prison Privatization Sharon Baumann-Heller ORG 8575 Michael Mills August 12, 2012 PRISON PRIVATIZATION 2 Abstract Over-crowding in our federal, state, and local prisons, along with a depressed economy, has resulted in a trend toward privatization of these facilities. This paper examines the core issues surrounding private prisons in the areas of cost-effectiveness, recidivismRead MorePublic Facilities And Private Prisons1116 Words   |  5 Pages Prison is an institution designed to securely to house inmates who have been convicted of crimes. The United States holds the records for having the largest inmate population residing within the walls of the correctional system. The inflation in correctional spending and the largest prison population have impelled lawmakers and the government to look toward the privatization of prisons. 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Some private companies are contracted only to provide things such as medical care, counseling, food services, and maintenance within publicly owned jails and prisons. Today, more and more private companies are being contracted to not only desig n and build, but also to operate new jails and prisons on both the stateRead MoreA Brief Note On Academic And Professional Communications1471 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 7, 2015 Abstract The idea of privatized corrections in America has been around since around the 1980’s; this was due largely in part because of the financial burdens faced by both federal and state run facilities, however, as the privatization of correctional facilities became more prevalent, so too did instances of corruption. As more federal and state run institutions became privatized there was a marked increase in numbers of those incarcerated as well as a push for more stringentRead MoreAmerican Incarceration : Where We Are, And What Can Be Done?1518 Words   |  7 PagesYasir Choudhury Dr. Joà £o Vargas UGS 303 Mass Incarceration 5 October 2015 American Incarceration: Where We Are, and What Can be Done From its early inception as a necessary aspect of modern society to its broken state that can be seen today, the American penal system has changed radically in recent history from an institution that performed the duty of safeguarding the public from those too dangerous to be left unsupervised to a business model concerned more with generating a profit for shareholders

Unit 2- Development from Conception to Age 16 Years

Unit 2- Development from conception to age 16 years By Claire Williamson Word Count: E1:Describe the development of children in a selected age range and in two areas of development. Birth to three years, physical development and social and emotional development. Throughout the first year of life, babies will undergo rapid social, emotional, physical, and cognitive development. Motor control develops from the head, moves down through the arms and then to the legs and feet. Initial movements are reflexive in nature, such as turning the head to the side when the cheek is stroked, which aids in feeding. Babies will start to turn their heads from side to side when lying on the back or belly,this will happen around one month. At three†¦show more content†¦Social and emotional Albert Banduras studies concluded that environment causes behaviour but that behaviour causes environment, too. He referred to this idea as reciprocal determination, believing that an individuals actions and the actions of the world around him are intertwined. As his work progressed, he further stated that personality is an interaction of outside influences behaviour, and an individuals psychological processes. Banduras early research work focused primarily on observational learning which is simply learning from observing the actions of others. He believed that once someone had witnessed anothers behaviour, they may be inclined to adopt this behaviour as their own, ultimately building it into their personality profile. Parents who raise children in a caring, supportive environment can certainly contribute to their childrens abilities to develop good self-esteem, enabling the children to better deal with outside situations and influences that they are sure to encounter in their life. E4: Age: 5years Aim: to identify child A’s fine motor skills Objective: to observe and record â€Å"A† using scissors, glue, hole puncher, colouring pencils and glitter. Context: table in the arts and crafts area. Technique: Post it notes Conclusion/ Outcome: Firstly she starts to colour in the mask and gets frustrated as she can’t colour within the lines. This is very normal at this age as their fine motor skillsShow MoreRelatedHome Schooling Education998 Words   |  4 Pagesfamilies living in isolated rural locations, living temporarily abroad, or families who travel often. This method of education is growing around the world. Homeschools use different educational methods such as: Unit Studies, All-in-One Curricula, Natural Learning, and Autonomous Learning. In the Unit Studies method multiple subjects are studied in relation to a single topic. 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These include The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, The Northern General Hospital,Read MoreThe Historical Transformation of Work14383 Words   |  58 Pagestrade unions Women and work in the development of industrial capitalism The dominant conception of w ork in industrial capitalism Summary and conclusions Further reading Questions for discussion and assessment Before the advent of industrial capitalism approximately 200 years ago in England, work referred in a generalized way to activities directed at satisfying the human need for survival, for the vast majority, at a subsistence level. In terms of the 40,000 years plus history of human societies,Read MoreEthics And Abortion : Abortion Essay1724 Words   |  7 Pageshuman being at the moment of conception and morally oppose on the grounds that destruction of a human body is tantamount to murder. On the other hand, others declare that a woman s right to choose what happens to her body is of utmost significance. 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